Focus-adjustment signal generating apparatus and method, and imaging apparatus and method, with manual focus adjustments

ABSTRACT

A focus-adjustment signal generating apparatus includes a filter to extract a high-frequency component at a specific frequency or higher from a luminance signal of an input video signal, a comparator to compare an absolute value of the high-frequency component with a specific reference value, to output a first detection signal when the absolute value is equal to or larger than the reference value whereas a second detection signal when the absolute value is smaller than the reference value, an extender to extend an output period of the first detection signal according to a period indicated by a period-length setting signal, to output an extended first detection signal, and a selector to select a first chrominance difference signal indicating a specific color in response to the extended first detection signal whereas a second chrominance difference signal indicating an achromatic color in response to the second detection signal, the first or the second chrominance difference signal being output as a focus-adjustment signal.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/005,517 filed Dec. 27, 2007 now U.S. Pat. No. 8,023,037.

This application is based on and claims the benefit of priority from theprior Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2006-354879 filed on Dec. 28,2006 and 2007-209821 filed on Aug. 10, 2007, the entire contents ofwhich are incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a focus-adjustment signal generatingapparatus and method for generating a video signal which is displayed ona view finder (VF), a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., for manualfocus adjustments, an imaging apparatus, such as a video camera and anelectronic still camera, equipped with such a focus-adjustment signalgenerating apparatus, and an imaging method combined with such afocus-adjustment signal generating method.

Recent video cameras and electronic still cameras offerhigher-resolution images. Nevertheless, VF and LCD offer lower imageresolution to users when users check the images to be taken through theVF or LCD. This is because of limited VF or LCD sizes in compact videocameras or electronic still cameras. Such lower image resolution on VFor LCD renders focus adjustments difficult for users while viewingimages through VF or LCD.

A known focus-adjustment signal generating apparatus is disclosed, forexample, in Japanese Un-examined Patent Publication No. 2006-58683, foreasier focus adjustments with clear images through VF or LCD. The knownapparatus displays an image of an object on VF or LCD with edgeprocessing. The edge processing is performed as follows: A luminancesignal is extracted from an input video signal of the object. An R (red)signal, a G (green) signal and a B (blue) signal, or the three primarycolor signals (RGB signals), are generated based on the luminancesignal. The luminance signal is subjected to high-pass filtering tooutput high-frequency components in the horizontal, vertical anddiagonal directions. The high-frequency components in the horizontal,vertical and diagonal directions are added to the R signal, the G signaland the B signal, respectively, to put a specific color on the image ofthe object at the high-frequency components.

Accordingly, the known focus-adjustment signal generating apparatusoffers an image of an object on VF or LCD with a specific color on edgeportions of the image. Focus adjustment is performed to make thespecific color darker for sharper edge portions. This offers easierfocus adjustments with clear images through VF or LCD.

In such known focus-adjustment signal generating apparatus, thedifference between the resolution of a video signal gained through imagetaking and that of VF or LCD forces a focus-adjustment signal to losehigh-frequency components when generated after down-conversion,resulting in an incorrect focus-adjustment signal. It is thus requiredto generate the focus-adjustment signal before down-conversion when theresolution is different between the video signal and VF or LCD. Thedifference in resolution occurs, for example, when a high-resolutionhigh-vision (HD) signal gained through image taking is down-converted toa standard-resolution standard (SD) signal on VF or LCD.

In the entire camera system, signals to be processed around a downconverter are not an RGB signal but luminance and chrominance differencesignals for most video cameras and electronic still cameras. The RGBsignal to be used in generation of a focus-adjustment signal isprocessed in a later stage in the entire camera system, compared to theluminance and chrominance difference signals in VF or LCD in the knownfocus-adjustment signal generating apparatus described above. Thegeneration of a focus-adjustment signal thus requires an RGB converterin a later stage in the entire camera system, causing the systemprocessing redundant.

The high-frequency components of the luminance signal required forgeneration of a focus-adjustment signal correspond to the edge portionsof an image. A lower area ratio of the edge portions to the image couldforce a down-converted focus-adjustment signal to lose suchhigh-frequency components. Thus, no processing to the image edgeportions very likely cause inaccurate focus adjustments.

Moreover, extraction of high-frequency components from a luminancesignal at a fixed reference level cannot give a dynamic focus-adjustmentsignal due to change in the ratio of low- to high-frequency componentsdepending on images.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A purpose of the present invention is to provide a focus-adjustmentsignal generating apparatus and method and an imaging apparatus andmethod that can generate a dynamic focus-adjustment signal even when theresolution is different between a video signal gained through imagetaking and that to be displayed, without loss of high-frequencycomponents at the edge portions of images after down conversionirrespective of difference in images and with no redundancy of systemprocessing, thus offering easier focus adjustments.

The present invention provides a focus-adjustment signal generatingapparatus comprising: a filter to extract a high-frequency component ata specific frequency or higher from a luminance signal of an input videosignal; a comparator to compare an absolute value of the high-frequencycomponent with a specific reference value, to output a first detectionsignal when the absolute value is equal to or larger than the referencevalue whereas a second detection signal when the absolute value issmaller than the reference value; an extender to extend an output periodof the first detection signal according to a period indicated by aperiod-length setting signal, to output an extended first detectionsignal; and a selector to select a first chrominance difference signalindicating a specific color in response to the extended first detectionsignal whereas a second chrominance difference signal indicating anachromitic color in response to the second detection signal, the firstor the second chrominance difference signal being output as afocus-adjustment signal.

Moreover, the present invention provides an imaging apparatuscomprising: a video signal generator to take an image of an object andgenerate a video signal carrying the image; a filter to extract ahigh-frequency component at a specific frequency or higher from aluminance signal of the input video signal; a comparator to compare anabsolute value of the high-frequency component with a specific referencevalue, to output a first detection signal when the absolute value isequal to or larger than the reference value whereas a second detectionsignal when the absolute value is smaller than the reference value; aselector to select a first chrominance difference signal indicating aspecific color in response to the first detection signal whereas asecond chrominance difference signal indicating an achromatic color inresponse to the second detection signal, the first or the secondchrominance difference signal being output as a focus-adjustment signal;a down converter to down-convert the focus-adjustment signal bydecreasing at least either the number of lines in a vertical directionor the number of pixels in a horizontal direction of thefocus-adjustment signal; and a display to display an image of the objectwith the specific color at an edge portion of the image.

Moreover, the present invention provides a focus-adjustment signalgenerating method comprising the steps of: extracting a high-frequencycomponent at a specific frequency or higher from a luminance signal ofan input video signal; comparing an absolute value of the high-frequencycomponent with a specific reference value, to output a first detectionsignal when the absolute value is equal to or larger than the referencevalue whereas a second detection signal when the absolute value issmaller than the reference value; extending an output period of thefirst detection signal according to a period indicated by aperiod-length setting signal, to output an extended first detectionsignal; and selecting a first chrominance difference signal indicating aspecific color in response to the extended first detection signalwhereas a second chrominance difference signal indicating an achromaticcolor in response to the second detection signal, the first or thesecond chrominance difference signal being output as a focus-adjustmentsignal.

Furthermore, the present invention provides an imaging method comprisingthe steps of: taking an image of an object and generating a video signalcarrying the image; extracting a high-frequency component at a specificfrequency or higher from a luminance signal of the input video signal;comparing an absolute value of the high-frequency component with aspecific reference value, to output a first detection signal when theabsolute value is equal to or larger than the reference value whereas asecond detection signal when the absolute value is smaller than thereference value; selecting a first chrominance difference signalindicating a specific color in response to the first detection signalwhereas a second chrominance difference signal indicating an achromaticcolor in response to the second detection signal, the first or thesecond chrominance difference signal being output as a focus-adjustmentsignal; down-converting the focus-adjustment signal by decreasing atleast either the number of lines in a vertical direction or the numberof pixels in a horizontal direction of the focus-adjustment signal; anddisplaying an image of the object with the specific color at an edgeportion of the image.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a first embodiment of an imagingapparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows an exemplary block diagram of a focus processor shown inFIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows an exemplary block diagram of a high-frequency componentprocessor shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 shows an exemplary block diagram of an extender shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 shows an exemplary detailed block diagram of the extender shownin FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 shows one example of a timing chart that indicates the functionsof the extender shown in FIGS. 4 and 5;

FIG. 7 shows another example of a timing chart that indicates thefunctions of the extender shown in FIGS. 4 and 5;

FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of a second embodiment of an imagingapparatus according to the present invention; and

FIG. 9 shows a control procedure of a micro computer shown in FIG. 8.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference todrawings.

[First Embodiment]

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a first embodiment of an imagingapparatus according to the present invention.

Employed as an image pick-up device is a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) 11in FIG. 1. The CCD 11 converts incident light from an object (not shown)into a high-resolution HD signal through photoelectric conversion.

The HD signal is supplied to a camera-signal processor 12. The processor12 generates a luminance signal Y and two types of chrominancedifference signals (R-Y) and (R-B). These signals are supplied to afocus processor 13 and also recording circuitry 19.

The luminance signal Y and the chrominance difference signals (R-Y) and(R-B) subjected to specific processing (which will be described layer)at the focus processor 13 are supplied to a down converter 14.

The down converter 14 down-converts the luminance signal Y and thechrominance difference signals (R-Y) and (R-B) in an HD-signal rangeinto a luminance signal Y′ and chrominance difference signals (R-Y)′ and(R-B)′ in an SD-signal range. Down conversion here is to decrease atleast either the number of lines in the vertical direction or the numberof pixels in the horizontal direction for each signal. The luminancesignal Y′ and the chrominance difference signals (R-Y)′ and (R-B)′ aresupplied to a color encoder 15 and also an RGB-matrix processor 16.

The color encoder 15 encodes the luminance signal Y′ and the chrominancedifference signals (R-Y)′ and (R-B)′ into a luminance signal and anchrominance signal, respectively, which are then output via anS-terminal 17.

The RGB-matrix processor 16 converts the luminance signal Y′ and thechrominance difference signals (R-Y)′ and (R-B)′ into R, G and B (RGB)signals according to a specific matrix operation. The RGB signals forthe three primary colors are supplied to VF/LCD display circuitry 18 fordisplaying images.

The camera-signal processor 12, the focus processor 13, the downconverter 14, the color encoder 15 and the RGB-matrix processor 16constitute a camera-processing LSI (Large Scale Integrated Circuit) 50.

Disclosed next in detail is the focus processor 13 (a focus-adjustmentsignal generating apparatus).

The focus processor 13 generates a focus-adjustment signal by means ofan HD signal so that a luminance signal does not lose high-frequencycomponents at down conversion. This aims for highly accurate generationof focus-adjustment signal. The focus processor 13 is located before thedown converter 14 in the entire camera system, as shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 2 shows an exemplary block diagram of the focus processor 13. Thefocus processor 13 is equipped with a high-frequency component processor22 and switching circuits 23 and 24.

Several setting signals “b” (b1 to b4) are supplied to thehigh-frequency component processor 22 from a micro computer 21 (FIG. 1).The high-frequency component processor 22 applies a specific processing(which will be described later) to the luminance signal Y supplied fromthe camera-signal processor 12 (FIG. 1) to generate chrominancedifference signals (CB_AF) and (CR_AF) based on the setting signals “b”(b1 to b4).

Signals selected by the switching circuits 23 and 24 are switchedaccording to an on/off control signal “a” sent by the micro computer 21.In detail, the switching circuit 23 selects and outputs either thechrominance difference signal (CR_AF) from the high-frequency componentprocessor 22 or the chrominance difference signal (R-Y) from thecamera-signal processor 12. Likewise, the switching circuit 24 selectsand outputs either the chrominance difference signal (CB_AF) or thechrominance difference signal (B-Y).

When a user requires focus adjustments, the on/off control signal issent from an operation unit 20 (FIG. 1) to the switching circuits 23 and24 via the micro computer 21. The switching circuits 23 and 24 selectthe chrominance difference signals (CR_AF) and (CB_AF) and output themas the chrominance difference signals (R-Y) and (B-Y), respectively.

FIG. 3 shows an exemplary block diagram of the high-frequency componentprocessor 22.

In FIG. 3, the luminance signal Y from the camera-signal processor 12(FIG. 1) is supplied to a high-pass filter (HPF) 31. The HPF 31 extractsa high-frequency component in the horizontal direction from theluminance signal Y, at or higher than a specific frequency thatcorresponds to the edge portion of an image of the object. The directionmay be another direction, such as, the vertical direction.

The extracted high-frequency component is supplied to an absolute-valueprocessor (ABS) 32 for calculation of an absolute value of thehigh-frequency component. The absolute value is supplied to a levelcomparator 33.

The level comparator 33 compares the absolute value of thehigh-frequency component with a reference value (EDG_TH) to output adetection signal ds (edge_comp). The reference value (EDG_TH) is carriedby a TH-setting signal b1 supplied from the micro computer 21 (FIG. 1).

The level comparator 33 outputs a detection signal ds having a highlevel H when the absolute value of the high-frequency components isequal to or higher than the reference value (EDG_TH) whereas a detectionsignal ds having a low level L when the former is lower than the latter.

The detection signal ds is supplied to an extender 34 (which will bedescribed later) and output as a detection signal ds′ after processed bythe extender 34. The detection signal ds′ is then supplied to switchingcircuits 35 and 36.

Three types of signals are supplied to the switching circuits 35 and 36from the micro computer 21: a zero signal “c” that carries azero-setting value Zero for achromatic color, supplied to both of theswitching circuits 35 and 36; a PB-setting signal b3 that carries aPB-setting value (EDG_PB) for giving a specific color to an image,supplied to the switching circuit 35; and a PR-setting signal b4 thatcarries a PR-setting value (EDG_PR) for giving a specific color to animage, supplied to the switching circuit 36.

The switching circuits 35 and 36 select the PB-setting value (EDG_PB)and the PR-setting value (EDG_PR), respectively, when a detection signalds′ having a high level H is supplied from the extender 34 whereasselect the zero-setting value Zero when a detection signal ds′ having alow level L is supplied.

When no focus adjustments are required, the focus processor 13 works asfollows: The switching circuits 23 and 24 (FIG. 2) select thechrominance difference signals (R-Y) and (B-Y), respectively, suppliedfrom the camera-signal processor 12 (FIG. 1), under control by theon/off control signal “a” from the micro computer 21. In other words,the chrominance difference signals (R-Y) and (B-Y) are output from thefocus processor 13, with no processing.

In contrast, when focus adjustments are required, the focus processor 13works as follows: When the absolute value of the high-frequencycomponent is equal to or higher than the reference value (EDG_TH) at thelevel comparator 33 (FIG. 3), the switching circuit 35 selects thePB-setting value (EDG_PB) and outputs a chrominance difference signal(CB_AF) that carries the value (EDG_PB) and the switching circuit 36selects the PR-setting value (EDG_PR) and outputs a chrominancedifference signal (CR_AF) that carries the value (EDG_PR). Thechrominance difference signals (CR_AF) and (CB_AF) are supplied to theswitching circuits 23 and 24 (FIG. 2), respectively. The circuits 23 and24 select the chrominance difference signals (CR_AF) and (CB_AF),respectively, as a focus-adjustment signal, under control by the on/offcontrol signal “a” from the micro computer 21. This is the mechanism ofthe generation of a focus-adjustment signal based on the high-frequencycomponents of the luminance signal Y.

The luminance signal Y and focus-adjustment signal in the HD-signalrange are down-converted by the down-converter 14, so that ablack-and-white image in the SD-signal range, colored with a specificcolor, is displayed through the VF/LCD display circuitry 18.

In-focus under the correct focus adjustments is a state in which thehigh-frequency components of the luminance signal Y in the horizontaldirection are obtained most, for which the absolute value is equal to orhigher than the reference value (EDG_TH), as described above. This stategives the edge portions the highest area ratio to an image on VF or LCD.Focus adjustments can be done manually with a focus ring (not shown).

Discussed here is a situation in which it is only for one pixel that thehigh-frequency components of the luminance signal Y in the horizontaldirection are detected through the processing at the HPF 31, the ABS 32and the level comparator 33 shown in FIG. 3. Such few high-frequencycomponents could be lost through down conversion from the HD- toSD-signal range at the down converter 14. The loss of high-frequencycomponents is equal to out-of-focus at the VF/LCD display circuitry 18,resulting in incorrect focus adjustments.

Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the high-frequency components processor 22 isequipped with the extender 34 so that the high-frequency componentsdiscussed above cannot be lost through down conversion.

FIG. 4 shows an exemplary block diagram of the extender 34.

Supplied sequentially to the extender 34 are 1-bit detection signals dscarrying a high-level value H or a low-level value L that indicates acomparison result (edge_comp) at the level comparator 33 (FIG. 3). Alsosupplied to the extender 34 is a period-length setting signal b2 fromthe micro computer 21 (FIG. 1), that carries a preset period-lengthsetting value (MSK_HABA) that gives the number of high-level 1-bitdetection signals ds to be output sequentially.

In FIG. 4, detection signals ds that carries a comparison result(edge_comp) of the level comparator 33 is stored in an N-bit shiftregister 41, N times sequentially. Extension over one pixel requires aninteger of 2 or more for N. N-bit output signals of the shift register41 are then ANDed with the period-length setting signal b2 from themicro computer 21 at AND circuitry (an AND logic unit) 42 that actuallyconsists of many AND circuits, thus N-bit signals being output thatcarry a high level H only for specific bits among the N bits, dependingon the period-length setting value ((MSK_HABA) carried by theperiod-length setting signal. The N-bit output signals are then ORed atan N-input OR circuit 43 and output as the detection signal ds′ thatcarries a high level H, the period thereof being extended over onepixel.

Shown in FIG. 5 is an exemplary detailed block diagram of the extender34. The elements in FIG. 5 that are analogous to or the same as those inFIG. 4 are given the same reference numerals and the explanation thereofis omitted.

The extender 34 shown in FIG. 5 includes: an N-bit shift register 41;AND circuitry (an AND logic unit) 42 having an N number of 2-input ANDcircuits; an N-input OR circuit (an OR logic unit) 43; and comparatorcircuitry 44 having an N number of comparators. The number N is 15 inthis example.

Each of the 15 comparators (com0 to com14) of the comparator circuitry44 compares a preset value CO (hx) and the preset period-length settingvalue (MSK_HABA) carried by the period-length setting signal b2 from themicro computer 21 (FIG. 1). The suffix “x” added to the preset value CO(hx) is from 0 to 7, when the number N is 15, as shown in FIG. 5. Presetvalues CO (h0) to CO (h7) have values of 0, 1, . . . , 7, respectively.The preset values CO (h0), CO (h1), and CO (h2) are supplied to thecomparator com7, the comparators com6 and com8, and the comparators com5and com9, respectively. In the same way, the preset values CO (h3) to CO(h6) are supplied to the corresponding comparators, and the preset valueCO (h7) is supplied to the comparators com0 and com14.

When the preset period-length setting value (MSK_HABA) is 1(MSK_HABA=1), a high level H of the detection signal ds that carries acomparison result (edge_comp) supplied from the level comparator 33(FIG. 3) is extended by one period before and after the period of thehigh level H. The extended signal is then supplied to the switchingcircuits 35 and 36, as the detection signal ds′. This means that whenthere is a pixel having a high level H (as a result of detection of ahigh-frequency component of the specific frequency or higher), the samelevel H can be given to one pixel on each side of that pixel in thehorizontal direction, at MSK_HABA=1. Likewise, a high level H can begiven to two pixels on each side of that pixel in the horizontaldirection, when MSK_HABA is 2. The preset period-length setting value(MSK_HABA) can be varied via the micro computer 21.

Each comparator (com0 to com14) outputs a period-length setting signalb2 carrying a preset period-length setting value (MSK_HABA) of 1 atMSK_HABA≧hx whereas 0 at MSK_HABA<hx. Thus, the signal b2 output fromeach of the comparators (com6 to com8) carries the value (MSK_HABA)of 1. In contrast, the signal b2 output from each of the comparators(com0 to com5 and com9 to com14) carries the value (MSK_HABA) of 0.

The period-length setting signals b2 carrying a preset period-lengthsetting value (MSK_HABA) are ANDed with the output signals of the shiftresister 41, at the fifteen 2-input AND circuits of the AND circuitry42. The signals b2 that carry the value (MSK_HABA) of 1 allows detectionsignals ds stored in the shift resister 41 to pass though the ANDcircuitry 42. In contrast, the signals b2 that carry the value(MSK_HABA) of 0 do not allow any detection signals ds to pass though theAND circuitry 42, or signals carrying a low level L are output from theAND circuitry 42. In other words, when there are detection signals dsthat carry a high level H, the three 2-input AND circuits (and6 to and8)output detection signals ds that carry a high level H whereas the othertwelve 2-input AND circuits (and0 to and5 and and9 to and14) outputsignals that carry a low level L.

Shown in FIG. 6 is one example of a timing chart that indicates thefunctions of the extender 34 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

COMPARISON RESULT (edge_comp) shown in FIG. 6 is a comparison result(edge_comp) and indicates that only one pixel has a high level H (as aresult of detection of a high-frequency component of the specificfrequency or higher). This comparison result (edge_comp) is carried by a1-bit detection signal ds as having a high level H that is supplied tothe shift resister 41 from the level comparator 33 (FIG. 3), indicatingthat only one pixel has a high level H.

The 1-bit detection signal ds is delayed by one period at each of shiftresisters T (FIG. 5) and stored therein. The stored signals are outputas 15-bit signals (SHIFT-RESISTER OUTPUT shown in FIG. 6).

The 15-bit signals are supplied to the AND circuitry 42 (and0 to and14)which then outputs signals (AND OUTPUT shown in FIG. 6). In detail, whenthe period-length setting signal b2 is supplied the AND circuitry 42,detection signals ds for 3 bits (the seventh, eighth and ninth bits)supplied from the shift resister 41 are output from the AND circuitsand6 to and8, respectively, as having a high level H.

All of the 15-bit detection signals ds including those for the seventh,eighth and ninth bits and having a high-level signal H are supplied tothe N-input NOR circuit 43 (N=15), added to each other and outputtherefrom as a 1-bit signal OR OUTPUT as shown in FIG. 6. The signal OROUTPUT indicates that the period of the detection signal ds having ahigh level H is delayed by 8 periods and extended by 1 period (beforeand also after that period) to 3 periods. The signal OR OUTPUT is thensupplied to the switching circuits 35 and 36 (FIG. 3), as the detectionsignal ds′ having the high level H for the 3 bits and the low level Lfor the other bits. This detection signal ds′ is produced based on thedetection signal ds that is supplied to the shift resister 41 anddelayed by 8 periods. And, this period-extended detection signal ds′indicates that a high-frequency component is detected for each of thethree consecutive pixels even though the original detection signal dsindicates that a high-frequency component is detected only for onepixel.

Shown in FIG. 7 is another example of a timing chart that indicates thefunctions of the extender 34 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

COMPARISON RESULT (edge_comp) shown in FIG. 7 is a comparison result(edge_comp) and indicates that adjacent two pixels have a high level H(as a result of detection of a high-frequency component of the specificfrequency or higher). SHIFT-RESISTER OUTPUT shown in FIG. 7 indicates15-bit signals output from the shift resister 41. AND OUTPUT shown inFIG. 7 indicates 15-bit output signals of the AND circuitry 42. OROUTPUT indicates the output signal of the OR circuit 43.

The operation principle in FIG. 7 is the same as explained withreference to FIG. 6 for the situation in that a frequency component isdetected only for one pixel.

In summary, the period (2 periods) for the detection signal ds having ahigh level H is delayed by 8 periods and extended by 1 period (beforeand also after that period) to 4 periods. The signal OR OUTPUT is thensupplied to the switching circuits 35 and 36, as the detection signalds′ having high and low levels H and L. This detection signal ds′ isproduced based on the detection signal ds that is supplied to the shiftresister 41 and delayed by 8 periods. And, this period-extendeddetection signal ds′ indicates that a high-frequency component isdetected for four consecutive pixels even though the original detectionsignal ds indicates that a high-frequency component is detected foradjacent two pixels.

Accordingly, even if a high-frequency component of a luminance signal isdetected only for one pixel (or two adjacent pixels) at an edge portionof an image, the extender 34 outputs a detection signal that indicatessuch a high-frequency component is detected for more than one pixel (ortwo pixels), depending on the preset period-length setting value(MSK_HABA). The output signal of the extender 34 thus carries ahigh-frequency component even after subjected to down conversion at thedown converter 14 that is located after the focus processor 13 in theentire camera system, as shown in FIG. 1.

As disclosed above, according to the first embodiment, thefocus-adjustment signal carrying the luminance signal Y and thechrominance difference signals (R-Y) and (R-B) generated by the focusprocessor 13 in the HD-signal range is down-converted to an SD signal bythe down-converter 14. The down-converted SD signal is converted into R,G and B signals by the RGB-matrix processor 16 with a specific matrixoperation formula.

The R, G and B signals are supplied to the VF/LCD display circuitry 18for displaying an image. The displayed image is a focus-adjustment imagewhich is a black-and-white image in the SD-signal range, given aspecific color at the edge portions. Therefore, a user can perform focusadjustments based on the focus-adjustment signal produced from an HDsignal which does not lose high-frequency components.

Moreover, the first embodiment does not require an RGB converter for thefocus-adjustment signal generating apparatus, thus achieving smallersize of circuitry with no redundancy of system processing.

Furthermore, the first embodiment employing the extender 34 does notloose high-frequency components even after down conversion at a lowerarea ratio of edge portions to one frame of image on VF or LCD, thusoffering accurate focus adjustments.

[Second Embodiment]

FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of a second embodiment of an imagingapparatus according to the present invention. In FIG. 8, the elementsanalogous to or the same as those shown in FIG. 1 are given the samereference numerals and the detailed explanation thereof is omitted.

An incident light beam from an object (not shown) is subjected tolight-amount control by an iris mechanism 61 with an F-number undercontrol by a micro computer 21 a. The light-amount-controlled beam issupplied to a CCD 11 to be converted into a high-resolution HD signal byphotoelectric conversion. The HD signal is supplied to a camera-signalprocessor 12 a.

A luminance signal Y generated by the camera-signal processor 12 a issupplied to a luminance-signal peak detector 51 and also aluminance-signal block-average calculator 52.

The luminance-signal peak detector 51 and the luminance-signalblock-average calculator 52 are used for automatic exposure (AE) with AEdata supplied by the micro computer 21 a. Initial settings of thedetector 51 and the calculator 52 are done with a setting signal “d”from the micro computer 21 a. The detector 51 and the calculator 52 arealso used in the first embodiment for AE but not shown in FIG. 1 becauseAE is not related to the essential function of the first embodiment.

The second embodiment is also provided with a focus processor 13 and avideo processor 53. The focus processor 13 is equipped with severalcircuit elements identical to those shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The videoprocessor 53 is equipped with a down converter 14, a color encoder 15and an RGB-matrix processor 16 identical to those shown in FIG. 1.

The camera-signal processor 12 a, the focus processor 13, theluminance-signal peak detector 51, the luminance-signal block-averagecalculator 52, and the video processor 53 constitute a camera processingLSI (Large Scale Integrated Circuit) 50 a.

Supplied to a high-frequency component processor 22, identical to thatshown in FIG. 3, from the micro computer 21 a are several settingsignals “b”, such as, a TH-setting signal b1 that carries a referencevalue (EDG_TH) and a period-length setting signal b2 that carries apreset period-length setting value (MSK_HABA).

In the second embodiment, different from the first embodiment, thereference value (EDG_TH) is decided by calculation using data that isbasically used for AE and preset in the micro computer 21 a, to achievehighly accurate detection of high-frequency components which isotherwise affected by difference in images.

A control procedure of the micro computer 21 a is explained withreference to a flow chart shown in FIG. 9.

When the procedure starts (step S1), the micro computer 21 a receives apeak level (PEAK) of a luminance signal Y detected by theluminance-signal peak detector 51 (step S2). The peak level (PEAK) isthe maximum level or value of a luminance signal Y in one frame ofimage.

The micro computer 21 a also receives a luminance-signalblock-calculated value YB[m][n] from the luminance-signal block-averagecalculator 52 (step S3). One frame of image is divided into an “m”number of blocks and an “n” number of blocks in the horizontal andvertical directions, respectively, (“m” and “n” being a natural numberof 2 or more). The average of luminance signals in each of the (m×n)number of blocks is the luminance-signal block-calculated valueYB[m][n]. The value YB[m][n] is basically obtained for AE.

The micro computer 21 a (an arithmetic unit) calculates an average (AVE)of luminance signals in one frame of image using the luminance-signalblock-calculated value YB[m][n] (step S4), according to the followingexpression (1):AVE=ΣYB[m][n]/(m×n)   (1)here, ΣYB[m][n] is the total sum of the luminance-signalblock-calculated value YB[m][n].

The micro computer 21 a calculates a reference value (a TH-settingvalue, EDG_TH) (step S5), according to the following expression (2),using the peak level (PEAK) and the average (AVE):EDG_(—) TH=PEAK−AVE/8   (2)here, the value “8” is experimentally obtained, which can be dynamicallyvaried depending on images, to achieve highly accurate detection ofhigh-frequency components which is otherwise affected by difference inimages.

The micro computer 21 a supplies a TH-setting signal “b1” that carriesthe reference value (EDG_TH) obtained as described above to the levelcomparator 33 (step S6), and ends the procedure (step S7).

In the second embodiment, the reference value EDG_TH can be varieddepending on images, so that dynamic detection of high-frequencycomponents of a luminance signal in the horizontal direction is achievedat the level comparator 33 of the focus processor 13.

Although the two embodiments are disclosed, the present invention is notlimited to those. For example, instead of down conversion from HD to SDsignals as described, the present invention is applicable even when theresolution of a video signal obtained through image taking and that ofVF or LCD are different from each other. Other options are: calculationof the reference value EDG_TH based on the average of luminance signalsonly, instead of the peak level and the average as described; andcalculation of the peak level and the average with integral on imagestaken for a specific period, instead of through one frame of image asdescribed.

As disclosed above in detail, the present invention has the followingadvantages:

Use of luminance and chrominance difference signals for generation of afocus-adjustment signal omits an RGB coveter dedicated for generation ofthis signal, thus achieving smaller size of circuitry with no redundancyof system processing.

Even if high-frequency components are detected for an extremely shortperiod (such as, just for one pixel) from the edge portions of an image,the detected high-frequency components are treated as if the componentsare detected for several pixels (period extension in the embodiments),thus accurate focus adjustments being achieved even after downconversion.

The reference value EDG_TH can be varied depending on images, so thatdynamic detection of high-frequency components of luminance signals inthe horizontal direction is achieved irrespective of difference inimages.

What is claimed is:
 1. A focus-adjustment signal generating apparatuscomprising: a filter configured to extract a high-frequency component ata specific frequency or higher from a luminance signal of an input videosignal; a level comparator configured to compare an absolute value ofthe high-frequency component with a specific reference value, to outputa first detection signal when the absolute value is equal to or largerthan the reference value whereas to output a second detection signalwhen the absolute value is smaller than the reference value; an extenderconfigured to extend a first output period from output start to outputend during which the first detection signal is output to a second outputperiod from output start to output end longer than the first outputperiod by changing a first number of output times of the first detectionsignal to a second number of output times larger than the first numberof output times based on an input period-setting signal, therebyoutputting a third detection signal having the second output period thusextended; and a focus-adjustment signal generator configured to select afirst chrominance difference signal indicating a specific color inresponse to the third detection signal and to consecutively output theselected first chrominance difference signal during the second outputperiod thus extended whereas to select a second chrominance differencesignal indicating an achromatic color in response to the seconddetection signal and to output the selected second chrominancedifference signal, the output first or second chrominance differencesignal being generated as a manual focus-adjustment signal.
 2. Animaging apparatus comprising: a video signal generator configured totake an image of an object and generate a video signal carrying theimage; a filter configured to extract a high-frequency component at aspecific frequency or higher from a luminance signal of the videosignal; a comparator configured to compare an absolute value of thehigh-frequency component with a specific reference value, to output afirst detection signal when the absolute value is equal to or largerthan the reference value whereas to output a second detection signalwhen the absolute value is smaller than the reference value; an extenderconfigured to extend a first output period from output start to outputend during which the first detection signal is output to a second outputperiod from output start to output end longer then the first outputperiod by changing a first number of output times of the first detectionsignal to a second number of output times larger than the first numberof output times based on an input period-setting signal, therebyoutputting a third detection signal having the second output period thusextended; a focus-adjustment signal generator configured to select afirst chrominance difference signal indicating a specific color inresponse to the third detection signal and to consecutively output theselected first chrominance difference signal during the second outputperiod thus extended whereas to select a second chrominance differencesignal indicating an achromatic color in response to the seconddetection signal and to output the selected second chrominancedifference signal, the output first or second chrominance differencesignal being generated as a focus-adjustment signal; a down converterconfigured to down-convert the focus-adjustment signal by decreasing atleast either the number of lines in a vertical direction or the numberof pixels in a horizontal direction of the focus-adjustment signal; adisplay configured to display an image of the object with the specificcolor at an edge portion of the image by means of the down-convertedfocus-adjustment signal.
 3. The imaging apparatus according to claim 2,wherein the down converter down-converts the focus-adjustment signal ina high-vision signal range to a signal in a standard-resolution signalrange.
 4. A method of generating a manual focus-adjustment signalcomprising the steps of: extracting a high-frequency component at aspecific frequency or higher from a luminance signal of an input videosignal; comparing an absolute value of the high-frequency component witha specific reference value, to output a first detection signal when theabsolute value is equal to or larger than the reference value whereas tooutput a second detection signal when the absolute value is smaller thanthe reference value; extending a first output period from output startto output end during which the first detection signal is output to asecond output period from output start to output end longer than thefirst output period by changing a first number of the output times ofthe first detection signal to a second number of output times largerthan the first number of output times based on an input period-settingsignal, thereby outputting a third detection signal having the secondoutput period thus extended; and selecting a first chrominancedifference signal indicating a specific color in response to the thirddetection signal and consecutively outputting the selected firstchrominance difference signal during the second output period thusextended whereas selecting a second chrominance difference signalindicating an achromatic color in response to the second detectionsignal and outputting the selected second chrominance difference signal,the output first or second chrominance difference signal being generatedas a manual focus-adjustment signal.
 5. An imaging method comprising thesteps of: taking an image of an object and generating a video signalcarrying the image; extracting a high-frequency component at a specificfrequency or higher from a luminance signal of the video signal;comparing an absolute value of the high-frequency component with aspecific reference value, to output a first detection signal when theabsolute value is equal to or larger than the reference value whereas tooutput a second detection signal when the absolute value is smaller thanthe reference value; extending a first output period from output startto output end during which the first detection signal is output to asecond output period from output start to output end longer than thefirst output period by changing a first number of output times of thefirst detection signal to a second number of output times larger thanthe first number of output times based on an input period-settingsignal, thereby outputting a third detection signal having the secondoutput period thus extended; selecting a first chrominance differencesignal indicating a specific color in response to the third detectionsignal and consecutively outputting the selected first chrominancedifference signal during the second output period thus extended whereasselecting a second chrominance difference signal indicating anachromatic color in response to the second detection signal andoutputting the selected second chrominance difference signal, the outputfirst or second chrominance difference signal being generated as amanual focus-adjustment signal; down-converting the focus-adjustmentsignal by decreasing at least either the number of lines in a verticaldirection or the number of pixels in a horizontal direction of thefocus-adjustment signal and displaying an image of the object with thespecific color at an edge portion of the image by means of thedown-converted focus-adjustment signal.
 6. The imaging method accordingto claim 5, wherein the focus-adjustment signal in a high-vision signalrange is down-converted to a signal in a standard-resolution signalrange.